**bold text**3 Rmarkdown Basics
Note that much (but not all) of this is unnecessary assuming you use the Visual option in your source pane. That said you can still type markdown into your visual editor and it will auto-magically format things for you.
3.1 Hello there
This is an example of a quarto markdown notebook. These notebooks have some pretty nifty features that allow you to perform both your analyses and your write-ups in the same environment.
New notebooks can be opened by: File > New File > Quarto Document.
3.2 Markdown Basics
One of the most useful features of these notebooks is that they allow you to write in markdown. Markdown is a simple syntax that allows you to format text. For example, you can make text bold by surrounding it with two asterisks, or italics by surrounding it with one. You can also make text look like code by surrounding it with backticks. You can also make headers by preceding text with a pound sign. For example, try typing the following into your editor:
produces bold text, and
_italics text_renders italics text, and
`code text`makes code text.
More examples include:
# Header 1 (check out the TOC)4 Header 1 (check out the TOC)
## Header 24.1 Header 2
### Header 34.1.1 Header 3
Also,
- an unordered list
- can be done like this- an unordered list
- can be done like this
1. here is an example of
2. an ordered (numbered) list- here’s and example of
- an ordered (numbered) list
and here is how you
> blockquote some textblockquote some text
are but a few that you may encounter. An expanded list can be found here. Which btw is how you embed weblinks. Heck you can even do mathematical equations. For example, here is the binomial probability.
\[f(y|N,p) = \frac{N!}{y!(N-y)!}\cdot p^y \cdot (1-p)^{N-y} = {{N}\choose{y}} \cdot p^y \cdot (1-p)^{N-y}\]
and this is how it was created:
$$f(y|N,p) = \frac{N!}{y!(N-y)!}\cdot p^y \cdot (1-p)^{N-y} = {{N}\choose{y}} \cdot p^y \cdot (1-p)^{N-y}$$Granted the syntax for this might seem daunting at first (and isn’t required for this course), but just wanted to show you some of the things you can do. At the very least learning equation syntax might be useful for superscripts\(^2\), subscripts\(_2\), and mathematical symbols like \(\alpha\), \(\chi\), and \(\sum\). I suppose fractions are pretty useful too:
\[ fraction = \frac{numerator}{denominator}\]
And here is how we do those
$^2$ # superscript
$_2$ # subscript
$\alpha$ # alpha
$\chi$ # chi
$\sum$ # sum
$$ fraction = \frac{numerator}{denominator}$$ # fraction5 Marrying code and text
Perhaps the most important aspects of using notebooks like this is that you can marry text and code. Code is placed in chunks starting with ```{r}. For example, try executing this chunk by clicking the Run button within the chunk or by placing your cursor inside it and pressing Cmd+Shift+Enter (Mac) or Ctrl+Shift+Enter) (Win).
plot(cars)You can add a new chunk by clicking the Insert Code Chunk button on the toolbar.
To compile (print) the contents of this notebook you can click the Render button. Or, if you choose, you can export in into a pdf or doc using other Knit options. The first time you try this, RStudio may ask you to install a few packages. This only happens the very first time.
You may have notice that the resulting output also prints the code. This may not be what you want. You can elect to hide code on a by-chunk basis by adding #| echo: false to the top of your chunk. You notice that there are several option options here as well, including hiding warnings, and using a custom figure size.
Try toying around with these options on the chunk below:
One last bit. By default, an Quarto Document executes all code inline, meaning the output shows up underneath the chuck. Depending on your preferences this may not be desirable. As an alternative you can elect to have the code sent to the Console. This can be accomplished the selecting the Preferences Gear button and selecting `Chunk output console. Do this and re-run each of the chunks separately.